Summary and conclusion

Polarimetric sensors can be used to detect different measurands. If the quantity you have to measure has no or few impact on the wave's polarization, you need to imagine a mechanical device to increase it, like with intensity modulation sensors and with phase modulation sensors.

Nevertheless, polarimetric sensors are more complicated to use and more expensive than intensity modulation sensors and phase modulation sensors, because you need to use birefringent fibers which are expensive; furthermore carrying out the assembly, especially lining up and orienting all the components is tricky.

These sensors are essentially used for measuring electric magnitudes.