On va réaliser par exemple :
des réseaux de diffraction
des micro-lentilles
des lentilles de Fresnel
par différentes techniques de gravure directes par exemple par faisceau d'électrons ou bien indirectes au travers d'un masque.
![[zoom...]](javascript:window.open(%22../res/fig_20a_1.jpg%22,%22_blank%22,%22width=%22+Math.min(800,screen.availWidth)+%22,height=%22+Math.min(600,screen.availWidth)+%22,left=%22+(screen.availWidth-800)/2+%22,top=%22+(screen.availHeight-600)/2+%22,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes%22)?void(0):void(0)){kind=link}
![[zoom...]](javascript:window.open(%22../res/fig_20b_1.jpg%22,%22_blank%22,%22width=%22+Math.min(800,screen.availWidth)+%22,height=%22+Math.min(600,screen.availWidth)+%22,left=%22+(screen.availWidth-800)/2+%22,top=%22+(screen.availHeight-600)/2+%22,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes%22)?void(0):void(0)){kind=link}
![[zoom...]](javascript:window.open(%22../res/fig_20c_1.jpg%22,%22_blank%22,%22width=%22+Math.min(800,screen.availWidth)+%22,height=%22+Math.min(600,screen.availWidth)+%22,left=%22+(screen.availWidth-800)/2+%22,top=%22+(screen.availHeight-600)/2+%22,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes%22)?void(0):void(0)){kind=link}
![[zoom...]](javascript:window.open(%22../res/fig_21_1.jpg%22,%22_blank%22,%22width=%22+Math.min(800,screen.availWidth)+%22,height=%22+Math.min(600,screen.availWidth)+%22,left=%22+(screen.availWidth-800)/2+%22,top=%22+(screen.availHeight-600)/2+%22,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes%22)?void(0):void(0)){kind=link}